M'zaka zaposachedwa, ngati mtundu watsopano wazinthu zomangirira,misomali yophatikizidwaapeza kuzindikirika kwa msika mwachangu komanso kukondedwa ndi makasitomala chifukwa cha kupulumutsa kwawo ntchito, kosavuta, kothandiza komanso kotetezeka, ndipo awonetsa chitukuko chofulumira. Poyerekeza ndi njira yachikhalidwe yomangira bawuti, ili ndi zabwino ziwiri.
Choyamba, msomali wophatikizidwa uli ndi mphamvu zake zokha ndipo suyenera kulumikizidwa ndi magetsi kapena gasi. Ndizopepuka komanso zonyamula ndipo zimatha kumaliza ntchito yomanga basimfuti ya msomalindi cholumikizira Integrated.
Kachiwiri, palibe chifukwa chobowola pamalo okwera, kumanga ndikosavuta komanso kwachangu, kuchulukira kwa anthu ogwira ntchito kumakhala kotsika, ntchito yomanga imakhala yabwino kwambiri (kupitilira nthawi 20), ndipo ndalama zomanga zimachepetsedwa kwambiri.
Pakadali pano, misomali yophatikizika pamsika imatha kugawidwa m'magulu atatu malinga ndi zigawo zake: misomali yophatikizika ya binary, misomali yophatikizika ya nitrocellulose, ndi“zophulika zamitundu yambiri”misomali yophatikizidwa. Choncho, pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa mitundu itatu ya misomali yophatikizidwa, ndipo tiyenera kusankha bwanji?
Kupanga
1.1zophulika ziwiri amapangidwa ndi nitrocellulose (NC, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti nitrocellulose) ndi nitroglycerin (NG), makamaka mu mawonekedwe a granular. Granularzophulika ziwiri iyenera kupangidwa ndi nitrocellulose yomwe imakwaniritsa zofunikira za GJB 3204A-2020 ndi nitroglycerine zomwe zimakwaniritsa zofunikira za GJB 2012-1994 monga zida zazikulu zopangira, ndipo siziyenera kukhala ndi detonator, ufa wazitsulo, zopangira kuyaka, zophulika zolimba ndi oxidants oletsedwa. Zimasankhidwa ndi boma. Ili ndi mawonekedwe amphamvu kwambiri, kutsika kwa hygroscopicity, kukhazikika kwathupi, komanso magwiridwe antchito okhazikika.
1.2 Nitrocellulose (yomwe imadziwikanso kuti single-base explosive) imapangidwa ndi nitrocellulose yokha ndipo imakhala ndi cylindrical. Zophulika za cylindrical single-base-base ziyenera kupangidwa ndi nitrocellulose zomwe zimakwaniritsa zofunikira za GJB 3204A-2020 monga zopangira zazikulu, zokhala ndi nayitrogeni zosachepera 12.60%. Sayenera kukhala ndi zophulitsira, ufa wachitsulo, zopangira kuyaka, zophulika zolimba kapena ma oxidants ndi zida zamphamvu zoletsedwa ndi boma. Zosavuta.
1.3 ndi“zophulika zamitundu yambiri”onjezerani zowonjezera mphamvu, zowonjezera zowonjezera mphamvu, ndi nickel hydrazine nitrate (oxidant yoletsedwa ndi boma) ndi zinthu zina ku ufa wamtundu umodzi kuti apititse patsogolo ntchito yawo ndikukwaniritsa zotsatira zazophulika ziwiri. . Chifukwa chachikulu ndi chakuti nayitrogeni wa nitrocellulose wogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi wotsika kwambiri kuposa 12.60%. Makamaka zikasakanizidwa ndi ma detonators ndi mfuti yamtundu umodzi, chitetezo ndi kukhazikika kwa ndi“zophulika zamitundu yambiri”ndi osauka kwambiri. Ngozi zambiri zachitetezo zomwe zachitika m'dziko lonselo zaka zitatu zapitazi ndi maphunziro opweteka. Kuwonjezera ma oxidants oletsedwa kumatha kukhala kuphwanya kapena umbanda. Chifukwa chake, poyerekeza ndi mitundu itatu ya zophulika,zophulika ziwiri ndi apamwamba ndipo ali ndi chitetezo chachikulu ndi bata.
Maonekedwe
2.1 Maonekedwe a msomali wophatikizika wazinthu ziwiri ndi wakuda pang'ono.
2.2 Misomali yophatikizidwa ya nitrocellulose ndi "zophulika zambiri”akhale ndi maonekedwe oyera komanso opanda zonyansa, okhala ndi mitundu yofiira ndi yoyera.
2.3 Kuphulika kwa msomali wophatikizika wophulika wa binary uli ngati ma granules.
2.4 Nitrocellulose ndi otchedwa“zophulika zambiri”misomali Integrated zambiri cylindrical.
Kachitidwe
Poyerekeza ndi mitundu ina iwiriyi, mtengo wopangira misomali yophatikizika ya binary ndi yokwera pang'ono, koma chitetezo ndi magwiridwe antchito ake ndizopambana, makamaka zikuwonetsedwa muzinthu zinayi zotsatirazi.
3.1 Ili ndi mphamvu zambiri, kusasinthika kwabwino, magwiridwe antchito okhazikika komanso zochitika zambiri zogwiritsa ntchito. Itha kukumana ndi malo osiyanasiyana ogwiritsira ntchito, makamaka mawonekedwe amphamvu kwambiri, ndikupangitsa kukhala chisankho chabwino kwambiri.
3.2 Chitetezo chapamwamba, detonator ili pansi pa chipolopolo ndipo imafuna njira inayake kuti iwonongeke. Komabe, alipo otchedwa“zophulika zambirimbiri”onjezerani zida za detonator ku zophulika, zomwe zimafuna kupanga kwambiri, zoyendetsa, zosungirako ndikugwiritsa ntchito. Kutulutsa kapena kukhudzidwa kulikonse panthawiyi kungayambitse ngozi zazikulu zachitetezo ndikuyika ziwopsezo zazikulu zachitetezo.
3.3 Chogulitsacho chimakhala chokhazikika bwino.zophulika ziwiri amalimbana ndi chinyezi chambiri, samayamwa chinyezi mumlengalenga, ndipo samawotcha moto. Zomwe zimatchedwa“zophulika zambirimbiri”ali ndi hygroscopic kwambiri ndipo sangathe kuphulika, zomwe zimayambitsa moto wolakwika. Chifukwa cha mphamvu ya exothermic yomwe imachitika pamene chinyontho chimalowa, pamakhala ngozi yoyaka modzidzimutsa pansi pazikhalidwe zina za kutentha.
3.4zophulika ziwiri ndi ochezeka kwambiri ndi mfuti za misomali, samawononga, ndipo sasankha zida, pomwe amatchedwa“zophulika zamitundu yambiri”zimawononga kwambiri mfuti za misomali ndikupangitsa kuti zidazo zisagwiritsidwe ntchito, zomwe zimasokoneza ntchito yomanga ndikuwonjezera ndalama. Zoopsa kwambiri ndi dzimbiri la misomali ndi zopachika zitsulo. Chinsinsi cha zolinga zonse zomangirira ndikukhazikika ndi nthawi ya misomali ndi zopachika zitsulo. Chifukwa cha dzimbiri, n’zosavuta kugwa kapena kugwa, n’kuchititsa kutaya katundu kapena moyo, zimene zili ngati mlandu!
Mapeto
M'mbiri yonse yakupanga zida zamfuti ndi zipolopolo padziko lonse lapansi, njira yowombera zophulika + ikadali njira yapamwamba kwambiri ya anthu. Njira zina, monga kuphatikiza zophulika ndi zophulika, zilibe sayansi komanso zothandiza. Chifukwa cha chibadwa chake,zophulika ziwiri zatsimikiziridwa kwa zaka mazana ambiri ndipo sizingalowe m'malo mwa chitetezo, kukhazikika ndi kudalirika.
Choncho, kusankha awiri m'munsi kuphulikaophatikizidwa misomali ndiye chisankho chanu chabwino kwambiri komanso chanzeru kwambiri!
Nthawi yotumiza: Aug-27-2024
